西藏白菜型油菜种子油体、蛋白体、含油量和蛋白质含量的相关性分析

Correlation of oil body,protein body,oil content and protein content of Brassica rapa L. in Tibet

通过测定36份来自西藏不同地区的白菜型油菜农家种、野生近缘种种子含油量及蛋白质含量,并根据含油量将材料分为高(含油量50%~55%)、中(含油量40%~49.9%)、低(含油量20%~39.9%)油组,利用Leica DM5000生物显微镜对高、中、低油组材料的油体及蛋白体特征进行观察和比较分析,通过相关性分析研究种子含油量、蛋白质含量、油体粒径、蛋白体粒径间的关系。结果表明,西藏白菜型油菜油体以圆形为主,蛋白体为近圆形。高油组油体数量多、粒径大,蛋白体粒径大、数量相对少,两者平均粒径分别为2.12和5.24μm;中油组油体和蛋白体数量和粒径介于高油组和低油组之间,平均粒径分别为1.82和4.58μm;低油组油体粒径小、数量相对少,蛋白体数量多但粒径小,两者平均粒径分别为1.44和3.81μm。相关分析显示,油体粒径与含油量呈显著正相关,与种子蛋白质含量呈极显著负相关;蛋白体粒径与蛋白质含量相关性小;种子含油量与蛋白质含量呈显著负相关。因此,在今后培育西藏高油白菜型油菜品种时应将油体粒径大且数量多,蛋白体数量少且粒径大作为筛选亲本的条件,将有助于高油白菜型油菜新品种选育。

yTo explore the correlation between the oil/protein body shapes and oil/protein contents of seeds fromTibet Brassica rapa L. , 36 cultivars and landraces were investigated on oil body and protein body, as well as oiland protein contents. Materials were classified by oil content into high （50 - 5 5 % ） , medium （40 -49.9% ） andlow （20 - 39. 9% ） groups. Sizes of oil body and protein body were observed by Leica D M 5000. Results showedthat the oil bodies were mainly round, and protein bodies were subrotund. Seeds from high oil content group （ H O ）had more oil bodies with larger sizes （average of 2. 12 （ xm ） , and less protein bodies with larger sizes （average of5.24 （ xm ） . Seeds from low oil content group （ LO ） had less oil bodies with smaller sizes （ average of 1.44 [ x m ）, and more protein bodies with smaller sizes （average of 3. 81 （ x m ） . The correlation analysis showed that： 1. oil bodysize had significant positive correlation with oil content, but had significant negetive correlation with protein con-tent ;2. Protein body size had no correlation with protein content; 3. Seed oil content had significant negative corre-lation with protein content. Thus for high oil breeding in Tibetan regions, the candidate materials should have great number and large size of oil body, and have fewer protein body with larger size.