广东省62家三级甲等医院ICU康复护理现状调查

Rehabilitation Nursing in ICU in 62 Class Ⅲ Grade Ⅰ Hospitals in Guangdong Province

目的了解广东省三级甲等医院ICU康复护理的现状及其实施过程中存在的主要问题,为促进ICU康复护理工作的开展提供理论依据。方法采用方便抽样法,于2016年9—11月选取参加广东省护理学会举办的ICU专科护士培训班的102名ICU护士作为调查对象。采用自行编制的ICU康复护理现状调查问卷对其进行调查。结果 45家三级甲等医院ICU(72.6%)能够提供康复护理的健康宣教资料,只有41家三级甲等医院ICU(66.1%)将康复护理纳入到日常护理工作中。ICU康复护理项目实施率超过60%的项目只有2项,为四肢功能锻炼和功能位的摆放。其余康复护理项目实施均不足60%,尤其是传统养生功法仅占8.8%。102名ICU护士中,54名(86.9%)认为人力资源不足,50名(80.3%)认为护士对康复护理的认知不足,47名(75.2%)认为康复护理技术不足,是目前ICU康复护理实施过程中存在的主要问题。结论 ICU康复护理实施现状不容乐观,建议科学合理配置护理人力资源,加强人才建设和培养,增强康复护理教育和培训,做好护理风险防范管理,提高患者和家属的认知水平,以促进ICU康复护理工作的开展。

Objective To investigate the current status of rehabilitation nursing in ICU, and identify the existing problems and to explore the countermeasures to promote its clinical application. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted, and a self-designed questionnaire was employed to investigate 102 ICU nurses from attending the training course of ICU specialist nurses held by Guangdong provincial nursing association from September to November in 2016. Results Health education materials about rehabilitation nursing were provided in ICU in 45 Class Ⅲ Grade Ⅰ hospitals, accounting for 72.6%. Rehabilitation nursing was concluded in daily nursing in 41 Class Ⅲ Grade Ⅰhospitals（66.1%）. The implementation rate of limb functional exercise and the setting of functional position was more than 60% while that of the other rehabilitation nursing items was less; especially that of traditional health-preserving skill accounted for only 8.8%. Main problems existing in the implementation of rehabilitation nursing included less nurses（86.9%）, poor knowledge on rehabilitation nursing（80.3%）, and poor rehabilitation skills（75.2%）. Conclusion The implementation of rehabilitation nursing needs to be enhanced. Scientific allocation of nursing talents and related rehabilitation nursing education and training, improvement of nursing risk management and cognition of patients and their families will promote the development of rehabilitation nursing.