“街区制”背景下小区道路公共化的法律路径——以公共通行地役权为视角

Legal Approaches of the Socialization of Residential Road Under the “Block System”Background:From the Perspective of Public Access Easement

以"街区制"为切入点,探讨我国封闭住宅小区内部道路开放的法律进路。从法理基础、经济效益、社会效益等方面否定了相邻关系、地役权、征收征用、提前收回、临时用地等现行法途径。通过对法国、俄罗斯、意大利、美国等国家及我国台湾地区的相关法律制度进行梳理,对这些国家和地区相关制度的理论基础、制度实益、现实障碍进行分析后,选择以公共通行地役权作为实现小区道路公共化的法律路径,借鉴域外法经验并对其进行改造、移植,使之能够适应我国国情。此外,还对公共通行地役权的法律构造、立法模式、权利义务、权利登记、救济途径等方面进行了有益探讨。

With the background of the ＂block system＂as the breakthrough point,the legal way to open the road in thegated residential communities in China is discussed. This thesis denies the adjacent relations,easement,expropriation and requisition,recovery in advance,temporary land use and other existing ways,for their defects in law science basis,economic effect and social benefits.While the relevant legal institutions of France,Russia,Italy,the United States,Taiwan Region of China are compared and used for reference,and the theoretical basis,benefits and difficulties is discussed,this thesischooses public access easement as the best legal approach, and then proposes some reconstruction and transplantation,so that thepublic access easement can adapt to China＇s national conditions. And there is a beneficial discussion on the legal structure,legislative model,rights and obligations,title registry and remedies.