教育实证研究方法的范式问题与反思

Research Paradigm Issues and Reflection on Educational Empirical Research Methods

一门学科称之为科学的关键在于它有系统的、区别于其他学科的研究方法体系。对于教育学的学科发展而言,研究方法决定着教育学的科学性质。分析国际教育研究方法的基本范式运用情况,探讨我国教育实证研究方法存在的范式问题,探索我国教育研究方法的发展趋势,有助于提高我国教育研究整体水平。在教育研究方法体系中,实证与思辨两大研究范式具有相应的方法论地位。当前西方教育研究方法体系被强烈地赋予实证的特征,国际教育研究趋势越来越倾向运用量化研究、质性研究以及整合量化与质性研究而形成的混合研究。当前我国教育研究范式仍然存在单一化问题,思辨研究仍然是我国教育研究领域的主要方法,实证研究虽然逐渐受到重视,但比例很少。我国教育研究方法应加强体系与规范建设;加强实证研究取向,提倡研究范式多元化;加强量化与质性研究方法,探索混合研究。

That a discipline is called a science lies in its systematic and distinctive educational methodology.In terms of the development of pedagogy’s disciplines,research methods determine the scientific property of pedagogy.It will contribute to the improvement of China’s educational research by analyzing the employment of basic paradigms of international educational research methods,discussing the problems in our educational empirical research paradigm and exploring its development tendency.Either theoretical paradigm or empirical paradigm enjoy its own methodological status among the educational research methods system.At present,the western system of educational research methods is overwhelmingly characterized by empirical methods.International educational research tends to employ quantitative research,qualitative research and the mixed research by integrating both.However,in China,the problem of simplification remains in the educational research paradigm,and theoretical research is still China’s main research method.Empirical research,though,has highlighted,its proportion is much less.Thus,the systematic and normative construction should be reinforced in our educational research methods.We should adopt more empirical research and advocate the diversification of research paradigm.Moreover,it’s important to enhance the improved quantitative and qualitative research and explore the mixed research.