发酵中草药渣对断奶仔猪生长性能及肠道健康的影响

Effects of fermented Chinese herb residues on growth performance and intestinal tract health of weaned piglets

为研究发酵中草药渣作为饲料添加剂替代饲用抗生素的可行性,试验选取21日龄三元杂交断奶仔猪80头,随机分为对照组、中草药渣组、发酵中草药渣组和抗生素(硫酸黏菌素)组,每组设4个重复,每个重复5头仔猪,试验期为28 d。研究发酵前和发酵后中草药渣对其生长性能、腹泻率、营养物质消化率、肠黏膜形态结构及肠道菌群的影响。结果表明:发酵中草药渣组仔猪的料重比和腹泻率均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),发酵中草药渣组的干物质、粗蛋白质和粗脂肪消化率显著低于对照组(P<0.05);发酵中草药渣组仔猪回肠的隐窝深度显著低于对照组(P<0.05),而绒毛长度/隐窝深度值显著高于对照组(P<0.05);与对照组相比,发酵中草药渣组大肠杆菌数显著降低(P<0.05),而乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌数均显著增加(P<0.05)。上述结果提示,发酵中草药渣可以改善断奶仔猪肠道健康,从而提高营养物质的消化利用率,达到提升生长性能和降低仔猪腹泻率的效果。

To evaluate the possibility of subtituting in-feed antibiotics with fermented Chinese herb residues（CHR）as feed additive,a total of 80 21-day three-way cross weaned piglets were randomly assigned into 4 treatment groups with 4 replicatins,each replication 5 piglets,representing control group,CHR group,fermented CHR group and antibiotic（Colistin sulfate）group.The effects of CHR and fermented CHR on growth performance,diarrhea rate,nutrient digestibility,intestinal mucosal morphology and intestinal flora were determined.The results showed that the feed-gain ratio and diarrhea rate in fermented CHR group were significantly lower than that of the control group（P〈0.05）;the digestibility of dry matter,crude protein and crude fat were significantly lower than that of the control group（P〈0.05）;the ileum crypt depth in fermented CHR group were significantly lower than that of the control group（P〈0.05）,but the vatio of length of nap to the depth of crypt（V/C） were higher（P〈0.05）.Compared with the control group,the Escherichia coli number decreased significantly,but the numbers of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria were increased significantly（P〈0.05）.These findings suggested that the fermented CHR could improve the intestinal health and nutrient digestibility of weaned piglets,then improve the growth performance and reduced diarrhea rate of piglets.