采前灌溉对骏枣落果、裂果及果实品质的影响

Effect of preharvest irrigation on fruit drop,fruit crack and fruit quality of junzao

以8年生骏枣为材料,采用间隔灌水处理法,研究采前(8月1日至9月9日)不同灌溉次数对骏枣落果率、裂果率、叶片相对含水量及果实品质等指标的影响。结果表明:骏枣叶片相对含水量随着土壤含水量的增加而上升,T3(灌水5次)处理叶片相对含水量比CK高17.64%;随着灌水次数的增多,骏枣采前落果率和裂果率均显著下降,其中T3处理的采前落果率和裂果率分别为7.697%±0.724%、12.393%±0.290%,分别较CK低5.977%、9.987%;灌水次数的增多会导致果实中可溶性糖、可滴定酸、Ca和Zn含量减少,同时会促使其可溶性蛋白、糖酸比、黄酮、N、K、Mn、Fe和Cu含量显著提高,对P和Mg含量影响均不显著。增加采前灌水次数能够明显降低骏枣采前落果率和裂果率,灌水5次处理的效果较为显著。

This study used eight - year old Junzao trees as materials to investigate the effects of preharvest irrigationtiming on fruit dropping rate, fruit cracking rate, leaf relative water content and some fruit quality index of Junzao. The results show that leaf relative water content were increased with increasing of orchard soil water content, the leaf relativewater content of T3 （irrigation 5 times） was higher than the control by 17.64% . With more irrigation times, preharvestfruit dropping rate and fruit cracking rate of Junzao were significantly decreased, with the fruit dropping rate and fruitcracking rate of T3 treatment being 7.697 % ±0.724% and 12.393 % ± 0.290 % , respectively. T h e increase in irriga -tion times could reduce fruit soluble sugar, titratable acid, C a and Z n content, but there were a significant increase inthe soluble protein and sugar acid ratio, flavonoids, N , K , Mn , Fe and C u content. In addition, the effects on P and Mg content were not significant. Preharvest irrigation treatment could significantly reduce fruit dropping rate and crackingrate of Junzao, with the T3 treatment showing the largest effect.