100例哮喘婴幼儿潮气呼吸肺功能检测临床研究

Clinical study on the detection of tidal breathing lung function in 100 infants with asthma

目的探讨婴幼儿哮喘急性发作期与缓解期各肺功能指标变化,及各指标与哮喘程度之间的关联性。方法选取我院2015年12月~2016年8月100例支气管哮喘婴幼儿为哮喘组,35例健康婴幼儿为健康组。通过潮气呼吸流速容量环检测肺功能,比较哮喘组急性期、缓解期与健康组间各项肺潮气功能指标的变化,同时分析不同哮喘程度肺潮气功能指标间的差异。结果男性婴幼患儿支气管哮喘发生情况多于女性。哮喘组患儿急性发作期VT/kg、TPTEF/TE、VPEF/VE、TI/TE均低于健康组(P<0.01),而进入缓解期其各指标均明显升高(P<0.01),但其TPTEF/TE、VPEF/VE仍低于健康组(P<0.01)。患儿哮喘严重程度与VT/kg、TPTEF/TE、VPEF/VE、TI/TE呈负相关,且各个程度间TPTEF/TE、VPEF/VE存在统计学差异(P<0.01)。结论哮喘患儿进入哮喘缓解期后肺功能指标改善,临床哮喘表现缓解;患儿TPTEF/TE、VPEF/VE仍未完全恢复正常,提示仍存在小气道阻塞。潮气呼吸流速容量环检测可反映哮喘严重程度,为临床评估哮喘严重程度及变化提供客观证据。

Objective To investigate the changes of pulmonary function indexes in infants with asthma in acute onset and remission period, and the correlation between the indexes and the degree of asthma. Methods 100 infants with bronchial asthma from December 2015 to August 2016 were enrolled as the asthma group, and 35 healthy infants were selected as healthy group. The pulmonary function of the lungs was measured by the tidal breath flow velocity-volume loop. The changes of the pulmonary function indexes between the asthma group and the healthy group at the acute phase and the remission period were compared, and the difference of the pulmonary function indexes among different asthma levels was also analyzed. Results The incidence of bronchial asthma in male infants was higher than that in female（P〈0.01）, and the VT/kg, TPTEF/TE, VPEF/VE and TI/TE were significantly lower in the asthma group at the acute phase than those in the healthy group（P〈0.01）. While all the indexes of the asthma group were significantly increased in the remission period（P〈0.01）. The TPTEF/TE, VPEF/VE in the asthma group were still lower than those of the health group（P〈0.01）. The severity of asthma was negatively correlated with VT/kg, TPTEF/TE, VPEF/VE, TI/TE,and there was statistical difference in TPTEF/TE and VPEF/VE among different levels（P〈0.01）. Conclusion After asthmatic children enter remission period, their lung functions are improved, and their clinical asthma manifestations are relieved. The expressions of TPTEF/TE and VPEF/VE are not completely returned to normal, suggesting that there are still small airway obstruction. The detection of the tidal breath flow velocity volume loop can reflect the severity of asthma and provide objective evidence for the clinical assessment of asthma severity and changes.