民族志视野下的圣城康提——遗产累叠与生长的研究

The Holy City of Kandy from the Perspective of Ethnography——A Study on Accumulation and Growth of Heritage

康提位于斯里兰卡中部,是斯里兰卡最后一个王朝首都所在地,也是僧伽罗传统文化的坚守地。康提城以佛牙寺为核心,寺内供奉的是释迦牟尼涅槃之后而得的一颗臼齿舍利,佛牙亦是斯里兰卡正统法权和王权的象征。文章以一座古城的遗产累叠与旅游背景下的生长对斯里兰卡的文化和遗产进行研究,提出在文化旅游中,旅游遗产的边界不断的在扩张,然而这个扩张并非简单空间维度上的生长。随着外来人群的进入,遗产在累叠中不断的生长,遗产生长的主体则是遗产承载者的文化自觉。

Located in central Sri Lanka,Kandy is the location for the capital of the country’s last dynasty,and is also the last location of traditional Sinhalese culture. The Kandy City takes Dalada Maligawa as its core,in which the Buddhist relics of an axle-tooth that was gained after the Nirvana of Sakyamuni is enshrined and worshiped.And the tooth relic of the Buddha is also a symbol of Sri Lankan orthodoxy and kingship. Based on the ancient city’s heritage accumulation and growth under the background of tourism,this article studies Sri Lankan culture and heritage,pointing out that in cultural tourism the border of tourism heritage is expanding constantly; however,this expansion is not a simple one of spatial dimension. With the entry of foreign population,heritage grows constantly in the accumulation,and the cultural self-consciousness of the heritage carriers’ is the main part of heritage growth.