激光跟踪仪的双面互瞄定向

Two-face reciprocal orientation for laser tracker

使用传统公共点定向方法很难在狭小、受限空间下完成对大尺寸测量仪器的定向,故本文提出了一种受限空间下球坐标测量系统的双面互瞄定向方法,并以激光跟踪仪为例进行了理论分析和实验验证。该方法结合激光跟踪仪的测量原理和使用特点,通过激光跟踪仪本体测头的运动特性构建几何约束,仅要求测量仪器之间相互可视,便可依靠较小公共视场完成仪器定向。阐述了该方法的数学建模过程,研究了定向优化算法,并在上海光源环形测量控制网建立过程中进行了相关实验验证。结果表明:该方法在仪器相距5m以内时,参考点转站误差优于0.12mm,定向旋转角误差不超过1.5″。与频繁转站的传统方法相比,可在保证精度的同时,极大地提高现场测量效率。该方法亦可推广应用于其它单站坐标测量系统。

As traditional orientation method depends heavily on measurement spaces and it is great difficult to implement the orientation of large dimension instruments in a limited space.Therefore,a two-face reciprocal orientation method was proposed to implement the orientation of a spherical coordinate measurement system in the limited space,and the theory analysis and experiment verification were performed by taking two laser trackers for example.With combination of measuring principle and working characteristics of laser trackers,the geometrical constraints of the method were constructed by motion characteristics of the probes in trackers.So,if the instruments to be measured were visible each other,they will be orientated by the smaller public view field.The mathematical modeling and optimization of this method were elaborated.Then,the experimental verification was performed on an establishment processing of circular measuring control network in Shanghai Synchrotron Radia-tion Facility（SSRF）.The results indicate that the precision of the proposed method is within 0.12 mm and the orientation rotation angle error is less than 1.5″when the two laser trackers are 5m away from each other.As compared to that of traditional orientation method,the measuring efficiency of the method has been obviously promoted with almost the same precision level in a limited space.The method can also be applied to other single station coordinate measuring systems.