不同粒度兔骨粉营养特性和理化特性的研究

Nutritional characteristics and physicochemical characteristics of different size rabbit bone meal

文中以70日龄伊拉兔的脊骨、腿骨和肋骨为实验原料,经一系列前处理后,采用不同的加工条件制得了细兔骨粉、超细兔骨粉、超微兔骨粉和纳米兔骨粉。比较了不同粒径兔骨粉的一般营养物质及氨基酸含量的特点,也对比了不同粒径兔骨粉化学结构、钙离子释放度等理化特性的差异。结果表明:纳米兔骨粉含有丰富的营养物质,特别是钙含量达到了(6.27±0.09)%,为其作为优质的钙源打下了良好的基础;其次,经FT-IR图谱分析,纳米兔骨粉的化学结构与其他粒径的兔骨粉没有显著的差别;另外,纳米兔骨粉的钙离子释放度也是最高,达到了29.25%,表明了纳米兔骨粉的钙离子更容易被吸收。

The 70-day old IRA rabbit spine, leg bones and ribs were used to prepare fine rabbit bone meal, su- perfine rabbit bone meal, ultramicro rabbit bone meal and nano rabbit bone meal by a series pretreatments and differ- ent processing. The general nutrients and amino acids of different sizes of rabbit bone were compared, the calcium re- lease and chemical structure, physicochemical properties of different size of rabbit bone were also compared. The re- suits show that nano rabbit bone meal were rich in nutrients, calcium content was （6.27 ＋ 0.09） % , which shows the bone can be used as a high quality calcium source. The analysis of FT-IR map shows no significant difference in chemical structure between rabbit bone and nano particle size of rabbit bone. The calcium release of nano rabbit bone meal is the highest of 29.25% , indicating calcium of nano rabbit bone meal is more easily absorbed. The study can provide a theoretical basis for the deep processing of rabbit bone and other animal bones.