4-氯苯氧乙酸钠对大豆芽品质的影响及其安全风险性分析

Analysis of sodium 4-chlorophenxyacetate on bean sprouts quality and safety evaluation

为了观察和探讨4-氯苯氧乙酸钠(sodium 4-chlorophenoxyacetate,4-CPANa)对大豆芽生长状况的影响及其安全风险评价,实验优化了大豆芽中4-CPANa的测定方法,同时设计了大豆芽生产模拟实验,分别用4-CPANa浸泡自来水培育(方式一)、4-CPANa浸泡并喷洒自来水培育(方式二)和4-CPANa喷洒法自来水培育(方式三)3种方式培育大豆芽,对成熟大豆芽进行感观评定和基本生长指标测定,并对培育大豆芽中4-CPANa的残留量进行了分析。结果表明:优化的4-CPANa测定方法对大豆芽样品中4-CPANa测定的回收率为84.67%~89.78%,最低检出限为0.05 mg/kg。,3种培育方式下,其方式一中添加0.5 mg/L的4-CPANa和方式三中添加5 mg/L的4-CPANa的大豆芽在色泽、外观、滋味气味、组织形态上得分相对较高,总分分别为83.67、83.45。按方式一培育大豆芽其产率、鲜重、轴径、轴长、根比重、根长较佳的4-CPANa添加浓度0.5 mg/L;按方式二较佳的添加浓度0.5 mg/L;按方式三较佳的添加浓度5 mg/L。3种培育方式下,各处理组大豆芽中4-CPANa的残留量均随着培育时间的延长而减少。综合比较得出方式三即4-CPANa浓度为5 mg/L的总体效果最好,且最终无残留,在人群中没有暴露风险。

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sodium 4-chlorophenoxyacetate （4-CPANa） treat- ment on the growth of bean sprouts and its safety. The determination of 4-CPANa in bean sprouts was optimized and simulation experiment was designed. The first method was using d-CPANa solution to soak in tap water during bean sprouts cultivation; the second method was using 4-CPANa solution to soak and cultivated by spraying tap water; the third method was 4-CPANa and water alternating spray. Then the sensory evaluation and basic growth indexes of ma- ture bean sprouts and the residues of 4-CPANa in the sprouts were determined. The results showed that the spiked re- coveries of 4-CPANa in bean sprouts were 84.67% - 89.78% , the lowest detection limit was 0.05mg/kg. The first method with 0.5mg/L 4-CPANa and the third group with 5 mg/L all showed higher scores in color, appearance, taste, smell and texture. The total scores were 83.67 and 83.45 respectively. The first method showed better result in the yield, fresh weight, axis diameter, axis length, root weight and root length of bean sprouts. The residual amount of g-CPANa in bean sprouts of the three treatment groups decreased with the increasing of incubation time. The con- clusion is that the best quality of bean sprouts was the third method with 5 mg/L 4-CPANa： no residual of 4-CPANa was detected and no exposure risk for people.