复杂条件下高分子材料老化规律、寿命预测与防治研究新进展

The Degradation Behavior,Service Lifetime Prediction and Stabilization Strategy of Polymeric Materials under Complex Condition

复杂条件下有机高分子材料的老化、寿命预测和防治研究对满足相关行业发展的迫切需求,实现节能减排、环境保护及可持续发展等战略目标具有重大意义。本文重点综述了近年来针对聚烯烃、工程塑料、橡胶、涂料等大宗高分子材料在我国复杂大气环境中的自然老化及人工模拟加速老化研究的新进展,对材料老化失效基本规律和分子机理、老化数据库的建立及老化分级图谱的绘制进行了介绍,探讨了户外自然环境和人工模拟环境下材料老化失效规律的对应关系、服役寿命理论的预测模型及失效防治延寿新方法,并对其中存在的问题及下一步发展方向进行了展望。

The increasing application of polymeric materials in modern society requires a deep understanding on their aging behavior and underlying molecular mechanism. In this article, we reviewed the recent progress in the aging behavior of commodity polymeric materials both in the complicated naturM weathering and artificial accelerated conditions. The aging behavior and underlying molecular mechanisms of several polymers under multiple and interplaying chemical and physical aging factors （such as UV light, temperature, stress and humidity） were discussed. Effective strategies for evaluating or predicting the service lifetime of polymers were described. Recent efforts in developing high efficient, anti-migration, multifunctional stabilizers （including graphene, reactive antioxidant, fumed SiO2-grafted antioxidant） and novel stabilization theories/techniques were introduced.