重庆市肿瘤医院体检人群结直肠癌机会性筛查结果分析

Opportunistic screening results of colorectal cancer of health examination populations in Chongqing Cancer Hospital

目的:为了解重庆市城镇居民结直肠癌高危人群现况,提高结直肠癌及其癌前病变的早诊早治率。方法:该研究选取重庆市主城区常住户籍40~74岁居民主动到重庆市肿瘤医院进行体检的人群为筛查对象,按照知情同意自愿原则进行结直肠癌的初筛(包括问卷+粪便隐血试验),被评估为结直肠癌高危人群的个体自愿接受结直肠镜+病理活检临床筛查,分析评估结直肠癌的高风险率、筛查率和检出率。结果:初筛2 957人中,513例筛查对象被评估为结直肠癌高危人群,高风险率为17.35%。高危人群中,278例接受了结直肠镜筛查,参检率为54.19%;高危人群结直肠镜筛查共检出134例异常结果(包括结直肠癌2例,癌前病变31例,良性病变101例),总检出率为48.20%。结论:通过高危人群问卷调查评估以及粪便隐血试验,可以有针对性地开展结直肠癌的初步筛查,进一步实施结直肠镜筛查,从而尽早发现肿瘤,提高肿瘤的治疗效果和防控水平。

Objective：To investigate the prevalence of the high-risk populations of colorectal cancer（CRC） in Chongqing, and to im- prove the rates of early diagnosis and early treatment of CRC. Methods：The residents aged from 40 to 74 years old in Chongqing ur- ban area were preliminarily screened with the questionnaire survey and fecal occult blood test（FOBT）,and the high-risk populations screened out were examined by the colonoscopy voluntarily. The CRC screening rates and detection rates were assessed. Results：To- tally 2 957 cases were preliminarily screened,513 cases were screened out as the high-risk of CRC populations. The positive rate was 17.35%. Among the high-risk populations, 278 cases were examined by the c01onoscopy. The colonoscopy screening rates was 54.19%. One hundred and thirty-four cases were found colorectal disease, including 2 cases of colorectal cancer, 31 cases of pre-malignant lesions, and 101 Cases of benign lesions. The detection rate was 48.20%. Conclusion ：The questionnaire survey with the FOBT can effectively discover the high-risk population of colorectal disease and precancerous. The colonoscopy is recommended afterwards so that we can achieve the early diagnosis and early treatment of CRC.