杏的美学时令意蕴及其带来的景观营造作用

Aesthetic Season Implications and Landscape Construction of Armeniaca vulgaris

杏(Armeniaca vulgaris Lam.)是国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生植物,原产我国西北地区,是我国最古老的栽培果树之一。在中国诗词中,杏是一个比较重要的植物题材和意向,象征一个审美文化符号。通过收集与分析中国诗词文学代表作,总结了杏的美学观赏价值及其物候与时令意蕴,并从种植手法和配置手段2个角度探讨了杏在景观营造中的应用。在种植手法上,杏可孤植、丛植、群植或片植;在配置手段上,杏可单植、丛植于公园湖畔,亦可植于内庭、庭前、墙隅做独景或点缀,或是应用在路旁做行道树,更可以种植在山坡、林缘等地。

As the II-class national protection of wild plants and one of the oldest cultivated fruit trees, Armeniaca vulgaris is native to the northwestern China. Armeniaca vulgaris is an important theme and intention of plant which stands for a cultural symbol of aesthetics in Chinese poetry. Based on the collection and analysis of Chinese poetry literature masterpieces, this paper summarized the aesthetic and ornamental value as well as the phenological and seasonal implication of Armeniaca vulgaris, and discussed its application in landscape construction from planting technique and plants arrangement. In aspect of planting technique, isolated planting, clump planting, mass planting and patch planting were adopted. In aspect of plants arrangement, Armeniaca vulgaris could be planted along lake in park with clumps and with single tree, planted as a view spot or embellishment in patio, forecourt and corner, planted as the avenue tree, and planted in mountain slope and forest edge.