论近代方志学的渊源与转变

On the Origin and Transformation of Modern Local Records Studies

本文系统考察近代方志学渊源与转变的历史,认为发源于"编纂之学"的方志学理论,在近代方志转型的背景下,其概念的内涵与外延均有了新的变化;而受西学影响,"分科治学"大行其道,时人在修志实践中注重"科学方法"的应用,方志学重心亦由重视"编纂之学"向以"专门学问"为旨归转变,伴随着近代方志学学科体系的不断构建,方志学亦趋于成为一门独立学科。可以说,历代方志蕴藏了丰富的文化内涵,而对近代方志学渊源流变的考察,可以窥探方志学基本内涵衍化与发展的历史进程,从而为当前全国方志编修以及方志学学科建设,提供必要的历史借鉴和理论支撑。

This article runs a systematic survey over the origin and history of transformation of modern local records studies,and takes the view that both the intension and extension of the concepts of local records theories originated from'compilation studies 'have new changes under the background of modern local records transformation. Influenced by Western thoughts,'academic studies in different subjects'became popular. People attach great importance on the application of'scientific methods 'in local records compilation practices. The emphasis of local records studies also shifted from attention on'compilation studies'to on aiming at being a'special academic field'. Along with that the subject system structure is forming in modern local records studies,local records studies gradually become a separate academic subject. Local records compiled over past generations contain rich cultural connotations,while the survey over the origin and transformation of modern local records studies can expose the historical process of the transformation and development of the basic intension of local records studies,and provide necessary historical lessons and theoretical support for contemporary local records compilation nationwide and local records subject construction.