濒危药用植物缙云黄芩扦插繁殖研究

Studies on Cutting Propagation of the Endangered Medicinal Plant Scutellaria tsinyunensis

为寻找缙云黄芩扦插繁殖最佳条件,为缙云黄芩快速繁殖提供技术保障,改善其濒危现状,采用正交试验和单因素随机试验,研究枝条年龄、枝条木质化程度、基质、激素种类、激素质量浓度和处理时间对缙云黄芩扦插生根的影响,并在此基础上,对缙云黄芩进行野外回归试验.正交试验结果发现,扦插的最佳组合为200 mg/L IBA处理插穗2h.在基质试验中,生根效果最佳的处理为蒸馏水;其次为蛭石与珍珠岩比例为1∶1处理,其在平均根长、最长根长和生根指数上效果最好,河沙处理在生根率方面最好.2年生枝条生根效果优于当年生枝条.半木质化程度的枝条是扦插的最佳选择,其生根效果最好,硬枝次之,软枝最弱.野外回归试验结果表明,大棚组和野外组插穗均能存活和生长,大棚组缙云黄芩插穗在成活率、平均出芽数和最多出芽数方面均优于野外组.

In order to find the optimum conditions for cutting propagation of Scutellaria tsinyunensis,provide technical supports for the rapid propagation of the plant and change its endangered status,an orthogonal test and a single-factor randomized trial were made to study the influences of the age and the lignification degree of the branch, matrix,hormone types and concentrations,and treatment time on S.tsinyunensis cuttage rooting and,based on the results obtained,a field reintroduction experiment was carried out.In the orthogonal experiment,the optimum treatment was 200 IBA mg/L for 2hours and the best substrate for rooting was distilled water,followed by perlite＋ vermiculite（1∶1,V/V）.These two substrates had better effect on the average root length,the longest root length and rooting index.But the river sand treatment gave better rooting rate.Two-year-old branches rooted more readily than the current growth,and semi-lignified branches had the best rooting effect,followed in order by hardwood and softwood cuttings.The field reintroduction test showed that it was feasible to reintroduce S.tsinyunensis by using cutting propagation.However,the greenhouse practice had higher survival rates,average number of budding and max budding than direct field practice.