过盈配合对永磁同步电机性能的影响分析

The analysis of interference fit's influence on the permanent magnet synchronous motor

众所周知,电机是整个工业的动力源泉。而对电机性能影响较大的两大因素设计水平和工艺水平中,后者对电机性能的影响已不容忽视。对压缩机用永磁同步电机来讲,为了将定子铁芯固定在压缩机壳体内部,需要采用压入或者热压装配的方法,而压缩机壳体与电机定子铁芯装配时产生的压缩应力对电机性能的影响较大。一方面压缩应力会导致定子内径变形使得定转子间隙不均匀程度和偏心度加剧,进一步使得压缩机噪音恶化。另一方面压缩应力会使得电机铁损中的磁滞损耗变大,铁损变大不仅会使电机效率下降而且还会使得电机效率最高点与设计时的效率最高点产生差异,更有甚者使得电机局部损耗过大导致局部过热影响电机的安全可靠性。本文首先对热套过程中不同的过盈量对电机铁损的影响进行了仿真和测试。然后对缓和压缩应力的结构进行仿真分析和研究。原材料铁损和电机效率实测结果表明,压缩应力使得电机铁芯发生变形对电机铁损产生较大影响,采用塑性形变方法能较好的吸收压应力减小定子的形变量。

As is known to all motor is the source of the industry. While the motor performance greater impact of two factors： the level of design and craftsmanship and the impact of the latter on the motor performance can＇t be ignored. In terms of permanent magnet synchronous motor of compressor, we often use pressing or hot pressing assembly method to fixed stator core inside the shell of the compressor, but the compressor shell and the motor stator core generated during compression assembly stress greater impact on motor performance. On the one hand, the compressive stress can lead to the stator inner diameter deformation such that increased the gap between stator and rotor uneven and eccentricity and further deterioration of the compressor noise. On the other hand compression stress so that the motor iron loss in the hysteresis loss becomes large. The iron loss increases not only makes motor efficiency fall but also makes the motor efficiency highest point different of designing even worse so that the motor partial loss is too large to affect the safe and reliable form of local overheating of the motor. In this paper, first of all simulated and tested the different interference in the process of heat quantity influences of the iron loss. Then simulation analysis and research the structure of compression stress relaxation. The measured and simulated results show that the compressive stress makes the motor iron core deformation larger influence on motor iron loss, by plastic deformation method can better absorb deformation due to compression stress makes the stator.