科学思潮与现代汉语诗歌形式变革

Scientific Trends and Modern Chinese Poetic Form Changes

清末民初的科学思潮,是五四新诗运动最重要的思想资源与历史语境。科学思潮对汉语诗歌形式现代变革的影响,一是诗思的转变:体现为由古代汉语诗歌的感性抒情为主的诗思传统转换为现代诗思的知性重理或情与理的互渗,注重写实求真、率性求真、智性表达成为了现代诗歌重要表达方式。二是语言的变革:诗歌语言外来词汇与外来语法体系的引入、现代汉语虚词的普遍入诗、标点符号的运用等,促进了诗歌形式变革。三是诗体变化:现代诗行的分行排列、多元开放的节奏形态、自由体形式的选择带来的诗歌形式的现代变革等都与科学思潮的影响直接相关。四是传播的变化:现代的传播方式、传播途径与传播对象、传播空间的变化都与科学技术的变化息息相关,改变了人们诗歌的接受观念与欣赏习惯。

The scientific trends in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China is the most important ideological resource and historical context of the May 4 th New Poetry Movement. The influence of the scientific trends upon Chinese poetic form changes lies in several aspects. The first is the change of poetic thought. The traditional poetic thought featuring sentimental expressions of feelings in ancient Chinese poetry changed to a modern one stressing intellectuality and rationality,or mutual penetration of the both. Writing realistically, frankly and wisely is an important way of expression for the modern poetry. The second is the change of language. The introduction of the borrowed lexicons and foreign grammatical systems, use of the function words of modern Chinese in poetry and punctuation enhanced the revolution of poetic forms.The third is the change of poetic forms. The modern changes of poetic forms such as modern poetic line division, diverse and open rhythms and free verse forms were all directly influenced by the scientific trends. The fourth is the change of poetic dissemination. The changes in the approaches and paths as well as the objects and space of modern communication were all closely connected with the scientific and technological changes, which changed the acceptance and habits of appreciation of poetry.