糖尿病患者行为方式与血糖控制关系

Relationship between behavior style and glycemic control in diabetic patients

目的了解糖尿病患者的饮食控制、运动情况和医学应对方式与血糖控制的关系,探索提高糖尿病患者身心健康水平的措施。方法抽取2015年9月—2016年6月在黑龙江省某三甲医院住院治疗的459例糖尿病患者作为调查对象,采用自编问卷和医学应对方式问卷对糖尿病患者进行问卷调查,并对患者的空腹血糖值等生化指标进行评定。结果糖尿病患者空腹血糖值平均浓度为(8.77±3.04)mmol/L,不同性别、年龄、居住地、文化程度的糖尿病患者空腹血糖浓度差异无统计学意义;相关分析结果显示,糖尿病患者每次运动的时间量与血糖浓度呈负相关(r=-0.171,P<0.05),饮食方式、回避应对方式和屈服应对方式与血糖浓度正相关(r=0.144、0.128、0.106,P<0.05)。结论饮食和运动习惯以及应对方式与糖尿病患者的血糖控制密切相关,医护工作者可以从改变行为方式的角度出发,探索提高糖尿病患者生活质量的方法。

Objective To examine associations of diet control, physical exercise, and medical copings with blood glucose control among diabetic patients and to explore measures for improving physical and mental health of diabetic patients. Methods We recruited 459 diabetic patients hospitalized in a class A tertiary hospital in Heilongjiang province and conducted a questionnaire survey and laboratory test for biochemical indicators including fasting blood glucose （FBG） among the inpatients from September 2015 to June 2016. A self-designed questionnaire and Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire were adopted in the study. Results The mean FBG was 8.77 ± 3.04 mmol/L for all the partici- pants and there was no significant difference in the mean level of FBG among the participants of different gender, age, living area, and education level. The results of correlation analysis showed that the time of each physical exercise session was reversely related to FBG level （ r = - 0. 171, P 〈 0. 05 ） ; whereas, dietary pattern, avoidance coping, and resignation coping were positively associated with FBG level （r = 0. 144,0. 128, and 0. 106, P 〈 0. 05 for all）. Conclusion Dietary pattern, physical exercise, and coping style are closely associated with the blood glucose control among diabetic patients. Medical staff should promote diabetic patients＇ healthy living style to increase quality of life of the patients.