高强度无纺布-静电纺丝复合支撑层正渗透膜的制备及性能

Preparation and performance of high-strength forward osmosis membrane based on nonwoven/electrospun composite support

正渗透(FO)膜技术作为一种低能耗、低污染的膜分离技术,在海水淡化和盐差发电等领域展现出巨大应用潜力.本文以高强度、大孔聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)无纺布和PET静电纺丝膜为复合支撑层,采用间苯二胺(MPD)和均苯三甲酰氯(TMC)为单体,通过界面聚合方法制备了新型高强度纳米纤维FO膜.采用场发射扫描电镜(SEM)、表面接触角测试仪、抗拉测试仪等对制备的复合支撑层膜和FO膜的表面形貌、亲疏水性、拉伸强度等进行了表征.测试结果表明,制备的复合支撑层膜的表面的接触角为121°,拉伸强度为11.4 MPa,相比于传统的静电纺丝膜,复合支撑层膜的拉伸强度得到了大幅的提升.采用正渗透测试系统对FO膜的分离性能进行测试发现,在PRO模式下,以1 mol·L^(-1)NaCl作为汲取液,去离子水作为供给液时,纯水通量达到25.8 LMH,反向盐通量为4.5 g MH.

Forward osmosis（ FO） membrane technology exhibits great potential in seawater desalination and water treatment due to its low energy consumption and low membrane fouling. In this paper,nanofiber FO membranes were prepared on polyethylene terephthalate（ PET） nonwoven/electrospun composite support layer with high strength via an interfacial polymerization method using m-phenylene diamine（ MPD） and trimesoyl chloride（ TMC） as monomers. The surface morphology,hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties and tensile strength of the prepared composite support layer and FO membranes were characterized using scanning electron microscopy（ SEM）, contact anglemeasurement and tensile strength test,respectively. The results showed that the water contact angle and tensile strength of the composite support layer were 121° and 11. 4 MPa, respectively.Furthermore,the separation performances including water flux and reverse salt flux of the prepared FO membrane were tested under PRO mode. The result showed that the water flux was up to25.8 LMH and the corresponding reverse salt flux was 4. 5 g MH with 1 mol·L（-1） NaCl solution and deionized water as draw solution and feed solution,respectively.