民族地区高中生批判性思维能力的跨文化研究

A Cross-cultural Research on Critical Thinking Ability of High School Students in Minority Regions

本文应用批判性思维能力量表,调查分析了甘肃省汉、藏、回、东乡4个民族高中生批判性思维能力的整体情况、在各具体维度上的表现及不同民族间的差异。研究发现:各民族高中生的批判性思维能力整体较弱,高分段学生比例较少;除"开放思想""认知成熟度"维度外,各民族近半数学生的批判性思维能力都偏弱。发展民族地区高中生批判性思维能力的实践路径主要有:(1)重视民族地区的"家-校"合作与舆论引导,重塑知识和真理的价值;(2)重视培养高中生对不同文化的包容和理解,促进其对优秀文化的"兼容并蓄";(3)在学科教学中注重学生对技能和概念的理解,强化学生的质疑和思辨能力。

In this paper,critical thinking ability scale was used to investigate and analyze the overall situation,the performance in seven dimensions and the differences of critical thinking ability among Han,Tibetan,Hui and Dongxiang students at four high schools in Gansu Province. It is found that 1） critical thinking ability of high school students is weak with a small proportion of high score students; and 2） except the dimensions of ＂open mind＂and ＂cognitive maturity＂,nearly half of all the ethnic students are weak in other dimensions. The practical path to develop critical thinking ability of high school students in ethnic regions should include 1） attaching importance to cooperation between family and school and public opinion guidance to reshape the value of knowledge and truth; 2） cultivating students＇ tolerance and understanding of different cultures to make them fully inclusive and equitable for excellent cultures; and 3） paying attention to students ＇ understanding of skills and concepts and enhancing their abilities of questioning and critical thinking.