秦汉时期林木资源开发利用研究

The study of the development and utilization of forest resources in the Qin and Han Dynasties

林木资源是人类社会生产生活中使用最为普遍的物质。秦汉时期是中国林木资源全面开发利用的重要历史阶段。这一时期,古代民众利用自然林、栽培经济林,使之成为人民生计的重要来源,形成以园圃制为基础的农林复合经济模式。在商品经济刺激下,木材及林副产品成为大宗货物进入到各阶层民众生活之中,林木资源商品化已达到较高的程度。因此,林木资源亦成为国家财富的重要来源,其经济效益和社会效益在秦汉时期得到全面实现,可以说天下资财半出于材。林木资源的开发利用,呈现出人类与自然环境和谐共生的多重历史面相,并对古代中国物质文化和精神文化的形成起到重要作用。

Forest resources are the most widely used production and living materials in the human social.Qin and Han Dynasties are important historical stages of Chinese forest resources comprehensive development and utilization.The ancient ancestors used natural forest and cultivated economic forest,which became an important part of people＇s livelihood and formed the agroforestry economic model based on the garden system.Wood and forest products became the mass goods in the commodity economy,which stimulated the development of commodity economy.Forest resource was an important source of national wealth,whose economic benefit and social benefit fully realized in the Qin and Han Dynasties.Ancient proverb says a half of the wealth in the country relied on the forest resources.The development and utilization of forest resources suggested that human and ecology could co-exist in perfect harmony and played an important role on the formation of the material culture and spiritual culture in ancient China.