有机蒙脱土/对苯二异氰酸酯型热塑性聚氨酯弹性体复合材料的制备与性能研究

Preparation and property of OMMT/PPDI-based thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer composite

选用纳米蒙脱土和对苯二异氰酸酯(PPDI)为原料,经原位插层聚合预聚体法制备了有机蒙脱土(OMMT)含量不同的OMMT/PPDI型热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)复合材料。利用红外光谱、X射线衍射、热重和维卡软化温度测试等手段表征和分析复合材料的化学结构、微观结构、结晶性、耐热性和力学性能,并与4,4′-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)型TPU复合材料作比较。结果表明:OMMT/TPU为插层型复合材料,PPDI-TPU的结晶性和耐热性明显优于MDI-TPU;PPDI-TPU 5%失重率时的温度比MDI-TPU高出53.45℃;PPDI-TPU的最大分解速率温度比MDI-TPU高出54.94℃。OMMT/PPDI-TPU的维卡软化温度约是OMMT/MDI-TPU的2倍。当OMMT含量为3%(质量分数)时,复合材料的力学性能最佳,与纯TPU相比,OMMT的加入具有既增强又增韧的作用。

The organic montmorillonite（OMMT,modified by cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide）/p-phenylene diisocyanate（PPDI）-based thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer（TPU）composites with different OMMT contents were prepared by prepolymer method via in-situ intercalative polymerization.The structure and property of OMMT/TPU were investigated by FT-IR,XRD,TG,the vicat softening temperature test,the mechanical property test,etc.And its property was compared with 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate（MDI）-based TPU nanocomposites.The results showed that OMMT/TPU were intercalated structure.The crystallization and thermal property of PPDI-TPU were significantly higher than MDI-TPU.Comparing with MDI-TPU,the 5% degradation temperature of PPDI-TPU increased by 53.45℃,and the maximum degradation rate temperature of PPDI-TPU enhanced by 54.94℃.Vicat softening temperature,OMMT/PPDI-TPU were about twice as OMMT/PPDI-TPU.When the mass fraction of OMMT was 3 wt%,composite exhibited the best mechanical property.Comparing to the pristine TPU,OMMT can improve the tensile strength and the elongation at break.