油菜花期的基因型差异与分类、鉴定

Genotypic Difference,Classification and Identification of Flowering Period of Oilseed Rape

以不同基因型油菜种质为材料,研究了油菜花期的基因型差异,并对其进行了分类、鉴定。结果表明:油菜花期与各主要生育期均呈极显著负相关,其中与播种至初花阶段的相关性最大;花期与初花期间呈极显著负相关,随着初花期的延迟,花期缩短。不同基因型油菜的花期和初花期差异明显,大多数油菜品系的花期在22~36 d,初花期为2月23日~3月5日。151份油菜种质分属于7种类型,近似于正态分布;早熟种质分为5个类型,种质分布明显偏向初花日期早、花期中等或较长一侧;中熟种质分为7个类型,分布较分散,以E-M最多,M-S和L-S次之。因此,初花期可以作为筛选长花期油菜品种的重要指标,景区在选择油菜品种时可选用初花期较早、花期较长的早熟品种。

We studied the genotypic difference,classification and identification of flowering period of different oilseed rape germplasm resources. The results showed that there were very significantly negative correlations between flowering period and other main growth periods. Flowering period had the greatest correlation with the duration from sowing to initial flowering. Flowering period had a very significantly negative correlation with initial flowering date,and it shortened along with the delay of initial flowering date. There were obvious differences in flowering period and initial flowering date among different oilseed rape genotypes. The flowering period of most oilseed rape lines was from 22 days to 36 days,and their initial flowering date was between February 23 rd and March 5 th. One hundred and fifty-one oilseed rape lines were classified into 7 types,and their distribution was approximately normal distribution. Early-maturing genotypes were attributed to 5 types,and their distribution markedly inclined to early initial flowering date,medium or long flowering period. Medium-maturing genotypes were attributed to 7 types,their distribution was relatively disperse,and it was mainly E-M,followed by M-S and L-S. Thus,the initial flowering date can be used as an important index for screening oilseed rape varieties with long flowering period,and the early-maturing oilseed rape varieties with earlier initial flowering date and longer flowering period shall be selected in scenic area.