国外研究生应用型人才培养模式的演变与启示

Evolution and Enlightenment of the Cultivation Mode of Applied Postgraduate Talents in Foreign Countries

研究生应用型人才的培养是各国高等教育体系中不可或缺的重要组成部分。通过梳理国外研究生应用型人才培养模式的演变与特点,发现发达国家人才培养模式主要有学徒式模式及科研衍生模式、政府主导促进模式、大学主导的多元化模式,呈现出培养规模不断扩大、培养体系逐渐完备及培养模式日益成熟等特点。国外意在突出实践应用能力培养、强化监督评估体系建设、推进校企产学研合作、重视创新能力提升等经验为我国研究生应用型人才教育的发展提供了有益启示。

The cultivation of postgraduate applied talents is an important part of the education system which could not be ignored.On the basis of combing and analyzing the transition and characteristics of the cultivation mode of applied talents of foreign postgraduates,this paper puts forward the experience and typical approaches on how to cultivate practical application capacity,build supervision and evaluation system,promote university-industry cooperation and improve innovation ability of developed countries,which aims to bring useful enlightenment on the development of postgraduate applied talents education in China.