细菌菌壳作为免疫佐剂的研究进展

Advancement in Bacterial Ghost Application as Immune Adjuvants

细菌菌壳(Bacterial ghosts,BGs)是一种不含细胞质和核酸成分的细菌空壳。近年来,研究证实BGs表面保留了大量完整的天然免疫模式识别受体的激动剂,可作为免疫佐剂诱导机体免疫或非免疫细胞分泌细胞因子,进而激活适应性免疫应答。除此之外,BGs还可装配蛋白和核酸以提高外源抗原的免疫原性。主要介绍了BGs制备技术、佐剂效应机制以及应用潜能的最新研究进展。

Bacterial ghosts （BGs） are a group of hollow bacterial envelopes containing neither cytoplasm nor nucleotide contents. BGs are proved to retain large amounts of intact ligands of pattern recognition receptors, which functions as adjuvants to induce proinflammatory cyto-kine production by immune and non-immune cell. These cytokines will further assist the activation of adaptive immune response. In addition, proteins and nucleotides can also be equipped into BGs to achieve elevated immunogenicity. In this review, recent advances in BGs produc-tion, adjuvant function mechanisms and new applications were discussed in detail.