先秦名家思想中的老学因素

The Influence of Laozi's Ideas on the Thoughts of Dialectic School

先秦名家思想与老子思想有深刻联系,可以说老子思想为先秦名家提供了丰富的思想资源。先秦名家中的老学因素集中体现在惠施对于老子之道的解读,公孙龙对于老子道本原论以及道物关系理论的借鉴和对于老子天、地与万物关系的理论的发挥。具体言之,惠施的"大一""小一"出自老子的"大""小""一",惠施关于"物"的同、异的理论出自老子"无"和"有"的同、异的理论,公孙龙关于指、物关系的理论出自老子道、物关系的理论,公孙龙的天地生万物出自老子的天、地辅助道生万物。

The thoughts of Dialectic School have close relation with Laozi＇s thoughts. It＇s fair to say that Laozi＇s ideas provide a rich source for thought of Dialectic School. The influence of Laozi＇s ideas on the thoughts of Dialectic School is embodied in the following aspects such as Hui-shi＇s interpretation of Laozi＇s Tao,Gongsun-Long＇s reference to Laozi＇s cosmism of Tao and his theory of the relationship between Tao and Wu,and the further development for the theory of Laozi which elaborated the relationship between Heaven,Earth and all things on earth. Specifically,Hui-shi＇s ideas of＂Da Yi＂and＂Xiao Yi＂are adopted from Laozi＇s concepts of＂Da＂,＂Xiao＂and＂Yi＂. Hui-shi＇s thoughts about the similarities and differences of ＂Wu＂come from Laozi＇s theory of the similarities and differences of＂Wu＂and＂You＂.Gongsun-Long＇s thoughts about the relationship between Zhi and Wu originated from Laozi＇s theory of the relationship between Tao and Wu; moreover,Gongsun-Long＇s idea that Heaven and Earth breed all things derived from Laozi＇s theory.