包头市文化教育功能空间分布特征分析

Research on the spatial distribution of culture education function in Baotou City

以包头市文化教育功能空间分布特征为研究对象,以包头市区2016年学前教育、小学教育、中学教育、高职教育、高等教育机构点为节点,基于交通网络数据,采用可达性方法与GIS空间分析方法,对5种类型文化教育服务功能进行空间特征制图,并分析当前文化教育服务功能状态下文化教育点与农村居民点之间的关系.结果表明,5种文化教育点最近邻空间分布集聚程度由强到弱排序依次为学前教育>小学教育>高等教育>中学教育>职业教育;5种类型教育机构点可达性由强到弱排序为学前教育>小学教育>中学教育>高职教育>高等教育.5种类型文化教育服务功能空间分布特征表现为面积大小由高等级的功能区向低等级的功能区逐渐递减,并由昆都仑区、青山区、东河区城中心向周围呈现递减的趋势;结合各功能区所服务的农村居民点数量关系可知,5种类型文化教育服务功能由强到弱排序为学前教育>小学教育>中学教育>高职教育>高等教育.最后,根据文化教育功能空间分布特征,从新增教育点、道路网优化等方面提出优化方案.

In this work, the distribution characteristic of the culture education institution is chosen as astudy object, the pre-school education, primary education, secondary education, vocational education and higher education are selected as nodes, based on the data of traffic network spatial distribution characteristic of culture education function is analyzed. accessibility and GIS technology are used for mapping the spatial distribution characteristics of five types of culture education function. And then, the spatial distribution feature of culture education function is analyzed systematically, as well as the relations between number of rural residential points and the culture education function. The results show that nearest neighbor spatial agglomeration degree of fiveducation institution from strong to weak are ordered that pre-school education〉primary 〉higher education〉middle school education〉vocational education. 5 kinds education institutions from strong to weak are ordered that pre-school education〉primary school education〉middle school education 〉 vocational education 〉 higher education. The spatial distribution characteristic of cultural education service function are that the area is gradually diminishing from the higher level to lower level, and it has a downward trend from the center of Kundulun district, Qingshan district and Donghedistrict to the surrounding area. Based on the quantitative relationship of the number of the five types of cultural education service function from strong to weak are ordered that pre-school education 〉 elementary school education 〉 middle school education 〉 vocational education 〉 higher education. Finally, some advises are proposed from the perspective of education point adding, traffic network optimizing and so on.