基于控制断面法的水环境容量及污染综合治理研究

Environment Capacity Calculation Based on Control Section Method and Comprehensive Planning of Water Pollution Control

为了制定出更精细、更严格的污染控制方案,以深圳市观澜河为研究对象,根据设计水文条件及水质目标,以COD为污染指标,基于控制断面法,将水环境容量进行按月分配。通过污染源调查,并根据现状污水处理能力,得到观澜河流域入河污染物总量。结果表明:观澜河水环境容量相对于污染入河量来说非常小,污染负荷量远远超过了河流水环境的最大承载能力,尤其在枯水期12月份,入河污染物总量达到水环境容量的62.2倍。在此研究基础上遵循"外源减排、内源清淤、水质净化、清水补给、生态恢复"的技术路线,提出观澜河流域污染综合治理措施,为该地区的水污染治理提供科学依据。

According to design hydrological conditions and water quality targets,the water environment capacity of control sections of Guanlan River in Shenzhen was calculated with COD as the calculation index,and the monthly environment capacity was allocated. Furthermore,based on pollution source investigation and the handling ability ofsewage treatment plants,the total amount of pollutants discharged into the river was obtained and was compared with the environment capacity. Results show that the environmental capacity is very small compared with the amount of pollution into the river,which far exceeded the maximum carrying capacity of river. Especially in dry season in December,the total amount of pollutants into the river is 62.2 times the water environmental capacity. On this basis,a comprehensive plan of water pollution control is put forward: pollution discharge reduction,pollution dredging,clean water recharge,and ecological restoration.