不同还田材料对夏玉米生长与产量的影响

Effects of Different Field Materials on Growth and Yield of Summer Maize

为探明空心村废弃宅基地复垦过程中不同还田材料对夏玉米生长与产量的影响,2016年在陕西省富平县中试基地开展了不同还田材料(熟化剂、粉煤灰和有机肥)对玉米生长及产量的影响试验。结果表明,在土地整治完成后,混合施用粉煤灰(75 m3/hm^2)和有机肥(22.5 m3/hm^2)的处理能够显著提高夏玉米的株高、百粒重和产量;但如果仅施用粉煤灰(75 m3/hm^2)或者有机肥(22.5 m3/hm^2),则对夏玉米的生长状况无显著改善;而土壤熟化剂(硫酸亚铁)的单独施用与无培肥措施对照处理无显著差异,其与粉煤灰或者有机肥的组合亦不能够提升夏玉米的产量。由此说明,在我国北方的山地丘陵区空心村,粉煤灰和有机肥的复合施用能够显著提升夏玉米的产量,对提升黄土丘陵地区废弃宅基地整治还田质量有着重要的意义。

In order to investigate effects of field materials on growth and yield of summer maize, related experiments wrere carried out at Fuping Pilot- base. The results were as follows after the completion of land reclamation, the combined application of fly ash（75 m^3/hm^2） and organic manure （22.5 m^3/hm^2） could significantly increase the plant height,100-seed weight and yield of summer maize. But if only using fly ash（75 m^3/hm^2） or organic fertilizer（ 22.5 m^3/ hm^2）, the growth of summer maize has not improved significantly, it had less effect on the growth of summer maize. However, there wras no significant difference between the application of soil ripening agent（ferrous sulfate）and the control treatment. Its combination with fly ash or organic fertilizer could also not increase the yield of summer maize. Therefore, in the hollowr village in hilly area of northern China, compound using fly ash and organic fertilizer can significantly improve the yield of summer maize, which has important significance to enhance the loess hilly region of abandoned homestead regulation returning quality.