农民成员权与宅基地制度改革探索

Novel exploration of the membership of peasants and reform of the homestead system

农村宅基地制度是中国特有的制度,农民依成员权可以获得宅基地的福利,宅基地制度改革需要重构其权利体系:明晰所有权、搞活使用权、保障发展权和设定抵押权,让宅基地权利完整。"房票"+"地票"的制度设计可以主动推进宅基地的退出,同时需要有宅基地用途管制作为制度改革的保障。

The rural homestead system is a special system in China, in which peasants can get homestead welfare based on their membership. Reform of homestead system is needed to reconstruct the system of rights： to clarify ownership, invigorate the right to land use, safeguard the rights of development, and legalize liens. Together, such rights complete the picture of homestead rights. The design of the ＂house ticket＂ and the ＂land ticket＂ in this system can push forward the withdrawal of the homestead. Meanwhile, control over homestead use is necessary to pave the way for this system reformation.