汉语单字句的语用逻辑探究

Some Investigations upon the Theory of Illocutionary Logic from the Perspective of the Phenomenon of the Chinese Mono-character Sentence

塞尔和范德维肯等人设想并构建了一个可用于具体言语行为形式化的语用逻辑系统,然而,他们对于言语行为以及语用力量的分类却存在着含混、互相包含的缺陷。从汉语中单字句的独特语言现象的视角重新审视语用逻辑体系,可以得出以下结论:(1)对于单字句的言语行为的关注与研究,弥补了只以句子为基本分析单位的不足,提出了新的研究对象,极大地扩展了塞尔等人所倡导的言语行为理论研究的视野以及研究领域。(2)许多单字式行为式动词并不仅仅对应着一个确定的语用力量,相反,它们代表着一种独特的类。(3)通过单字句可以看出实际认知过程中语用力量的七种要素的重要程度不尽相同。

Searle and Vanderveken have assumed and constructed an illocutionary logic system whichcould be applied to the formal description and calculation of different specific speech acts.However,theirclassification of distinguished speech acts contains many defects,such as multi-inclusion which could not be asaccurate as the discipline of mathematics.The thesis tries to re-examine the illocutionary logic system from theperspective of the unique Chinese mono-character sentences.As a result,the thesis attains the followingconclusions.1.The focus and research upon the Chinese mono-character sentences have proposed many newresearching subjects to the theory of illocutionary logic,and thus greatly expanded the research scope whileeliminating the unnecessary restrictions of only treating sentential units as the basic analytic units.2.Many mono-character performative verbs do not only form a one to one mapping to a definite illocutionary force.In contrast,they stand for a unique class or category.3.Through the illustration of mono-character sentences,it is obviousthat the seven elements of illocutionary forces have distinct importance and impact in actual cognition processwhich is quite different to the theory of the illocutionary logic system.