广州市降水量空间插值方法研究

Study on Spatial Interpolation of Precipitation in Guangzhou

采用广州市境内及周边的55个雨量站点的2015年年累计降水量数据,选取9种空间插值方法对广州市年降水量进行了空间插值,将插值估算结果与检验点作对比分析,并对广州市2015年降水量的时空分布特征进行分析。综合分析得出:广州市降水量的空间插值方法误差顺序为KS<NN<RBF<LPI<Kriging<Spline<IDW<GPI<DK;KS雨量等值面光滑,没有出现"牛眼"和边界突变,计算方便快捷,估算结果准确,在广州市雨量空间插值中获得很好的效果。分布特征表现为:广州市降水量空间分布由北向南呈现明显递减的分布规律,高值区在流溪河流域,在2 500 mm以上,低值区在南沙区,在1 500 mm以下。其他区域基本在2 000~2 300 mm。

Using the cumulative precipitation data collected from55 precipitation stations within and arthe year 2015,nine different spatial interpolation methods are implemented to Guangzhou’s annual precipitation and makecomparative analysis between the estimated results and test points,then analyse temporal and spatialGuangzhou’s precipitation in 2015. Comprehensive analysis shows that the errors of Guangzhou’s precipitation using spatialinterpolation methods are in the following order： KS f N N f RBF 〈 LPI f Kriging f Spline 〈 IDW f GPI f DK; under KS method, the isosurface of precipitation is smooth,with no existences of bug and boundary mutation, with eestimations. It has promising results in the spatial interpolation of Guangzhou’s precipitation. The distribution characteristics show：the spatial distribution of precipitation in Guangzhou decreases from north to south,the value over 2 , 500mm, low values appear in Nansha District, with the value under 1, 500mm, other areas have the values between2 , 000mm and 2 , 300mm.