卡介苗补种方法的应用与效果研究

Study on the application and effect of bacille Calmette-Guerin replantation methods

目的探讨卡介苗补种方法的应用与效果。方法 160例补种卡介苗的儿童,根据数字表法分为传统接种组和改良接种组,每组80例。传统接种组采用传统皮内注射的方法进行卡介苗接种,改良接种组采用改良皮内注射的方法进行卡介苗接种。比较两组一次穿刺成功率、阳转率以及卡痕率;评价穿刺过程舒适度评分、疼痛评分;观察菌液外溢、局部红肿浸润、出血等不良现象发生情况,比较不良现象发生率。结果改良接种组一次穿刺成功率(97.50%)高于传统接种组(83.75%)(P<0.05);两组阳转率以及卡痕率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。改良接种组穿刺过程舒适度评分高于传统接种组,疼痛评分低于传统接种组(P<0.05);改良接种组不良现象发生率低于传统接种组(P<0.05)。结论卡介苗补种的应用效果确切,可提高阳转率以及卡痕率,而采用改良的皮内注射方法进行卡介苗接种,可提高一次穿刺成功率和儿童舒适度,减轻疼痛,减少菌液外溢发生,值得推广。

Objective To investigate the application and effect of bacille Calmette-Guerin replantation methods. Methods A total of 160 bacille Calmette-Guerin replantation children were divided by number table method into traditional inoculation group and modified inoculation group, with 80 cases in each group. The traditional inoculation group received traditional intradermal injection for bacille Calmette-Guerin replantation, and modified inoculation group received modified intradermal injection for bacille Calmette-Guerin replantation. The one-time success rate, positive-conversion rate and mark rate of the two groups were compared. The comfort score and pain score during puncture process were evaluated, and the incidence of adverse events of overflow of bacterial fluid, local redness and swelling, bleeding was observed and compared. Results Modified inoculation group had higher one-time success rate（97.50%） than traditional inoculation group（83.75%）（P〈0.05）. Both groups had no statistically significant difference in positive-conversion rate and mark rate（P〉0.05）. Modified inoculation group had higher comfort score during puncture process than traditional inoculation group, and lower pain score than traditional inoculation group（P〈0.05）. Modified inoculation group had lower incidence of adverse events than traditional inoculation group（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Bacille Calmette-Guerin replantation shows confirm application effect, and can improve positive-conversion rate and mark rate. Modified intradermal injection for bacille Calmette-Guerin replantation can increase one-time success rate of puncture and child comfort, relieve pain, reduce the bacteria liquid spill, and worthy of promotion.