糖尿病教育中认知、态度及饮食习惯改变的关系研究

A study on the relationship between cognition,attitude and dietary habits in diabetes education

目的探讨糖尿病教育中认知、态度和饮食习惯改变的关系。方法选择2型糖尿病患者61例,对患者及家属进行相同的糖尿病知识教育管理,对比分析教育管理前后的认知与态度、饮食习惯及血糖、血压、血脂等指标的变化。结果实施糖尿病知识教育管理后,患者糖尿病知识得分比管理前提高,且家属参与组(n=30)得分较无家属参与组(n=31)更高(P<0.05)。糖尿病知识得分高分组患者(n=46)参与态度、饮食习惯改变得分均优于低分组患者(n=15),且胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白指标较低分组患者低(P<0.05)。有糖尿病的患者家属知识得分优于无糖尿病的患者家属(P<0.05)。结论糖尿病教育中患者认知与态度、饮食习惯改变呈正相关,提高认知水平有利于血糖指标控制,家属参与有利于提高患者认知改变效果。

Objective To study the relationship between co g n itio n,attitudes and dietary hab-its of patients in diabetes mellitus education. Methods Totally 61 patients wwere enrolled in this study. Al l patients and their fam ily members received health eabetes. Thechanges of cognition and attitudes,dietary habits,as w e ll as levels o f blood glucose, blood pressure and blood l ipid,were analyzed and compared before and aPatients achieved a higher assessment outcome after implementation o f health education on dia- betes,and those with family members’ p a r t ic ip a t io n !n =30） achieved a higher score than thosewithout family members’participation （n = 31 ）,with a significant difference （P 〈0. 05）. Patients with higher score of diabetic knowledge （n = 46） achieved a better outcome on participation attitude and dietary habits compared w ith those with lower score o f diabetic knowledge （ n = 1better level of indexes related to plasma glucose,w ith significant differences （ P 〈0？ 05）. Family members with diabetes had a higher outcome o f assessment on diabetic knowledge compared withthose without diabetes（P 〈0.05）. Conclusion There is a positive relationship between cognition,attitude and dietary habits in diabetes education. I t is effective to improve tparticipation of family members,in order to improve the blood sugar control.