认知视域下的英语多义词研究

On Polysemous English Words from Recognition

词汇是语言的三大要素之一,掌握一定的词汇量是学生熟练运用英语的先决条件。英语词汇量大、词义变化复杂,其中一词多义现象非常普遍,是困扰广大中国学习者的一个难点。认知语言学作为认知科学与语言学相结合的边缘学科,其研究范围主要包括范畴化、原型理论、隐喻理论等,与传统的词汇教学理论相比较,认知语言学对语言现象的描写更全面、更丰富、更自然,并且从认知视角探究一词多义现象产生的原因和机制,能够对传统的词汇教学理论进行充分地补益。介绍认知语言学的主要理论,并将其运用于英语词汇学习中,结合典型的实例探讨一次多义现象产生的原因和主要机制,从认知视域下进行英语多义词研究,有助于解决英语词汇学习中这一重点和难点,并综合提高学习者认知英语词汇的能力。

It is a prerequisite for students who intend to have proficiency in English to have a considerably large vo-cabulary, of which the complicated semantic changes and polysemy present themselves very difficult to the majority of Chinese learners. Cognitive linguistics, as an interdisciplinary subject in the combination of cognitive science and linguistics, has got the research scope mainly including categorization, prototype theory, metaphor theory and so on. Compared with traditional theory of lexical teaching, its description of language phenomenon is more comprehensive, a-bundant, and natural. In addition, it can make full complement of the traditional vocabulary teaching theory by exploring the causes and mechanisms of polysemy from the cognitive perspective. The author introduces the main theories of cognitive linguistics, applies them to English vocabulary learning, and exemplifies the causes and main mechanisms of polysemy, which lead to the conclusion that the theories of cognitive linguistics enable Chinese learners to study English polysemy and improves their cognitive ability of vocabulary acquisition comprehensively.