不同pH和滤料对硝化细菌消氨效果的影响

Effect of pH and filter material on ammonia nitrogen removal by nitrifying bacteria

为了解在不同pH和滤料条件下硝化细菌对氨氮(NH_4^+-N)和亚硝酸盐氮(NO_2^--N)的去除效果,通过试验,探讨了5.0~10.0等6个pH梯度以及陶环、珊瑚石、生物刷和生物球等4种滤料的消氨效果。在pH 8.0~9.0时,至试验第7天氨氮去除率分别达99.86%、98.95%,明显高于pH 6.0、7.0和10.0组(去除率分别为66.18%、71.43%和70.51%)。在pH 7.0~9.0时,亚硝酸盐氮浓度的增加小于氨氮浓度的下降,特别是在pH 9.0时两者浓度变化差异明显。生物刷、陶环、珊瑚石和生物球分别在试验的第3、4、6、7天,氨氮去除率达100%。陶环组和珊瑚石组,NO_2^--N质量浓度在达到最高值(9.60 mg/L和10.00 mg/L),之后开始逐步下降。生物刷组和生物球组在达到最高值(9.55 mg/L和11.00 mg/L)之后基本维持不变。结果表明:硝化细菌适宜碱性的环境条件(pH 8.0~9.0),水体pH 9.0最有利于硝化细菌对NH_4^+-N和NO_2^--N的去除。不同滤料对硝化细菌去除NH_4^+-N和NO_2^--N有不同的影响。陶环对硝化细菌去除NH_4^+-N和NO_2^--N都有良好效果,生物刷只对去除NH_4^+-N有良好效果,珊瑚石只对去除NO_2^--N有良好效果。多种滤料配合使用有利于产生优势互补的效果。

In order to understand the effect of ammonia nitrogen （ NH4 -N ） and nitrite nitrogen （ NO2 -N ） removal by nitrifying bacteria when the pH and filter material are different respectively, we discussed the effect of NH4 -N removal through test when 6 pH gradients including 5.0-10.0 and 4 filter materials including ceramic ring, corallite, biofilters brush and biology-ball were used. When the pH was 8.0-9.0, the removal rate of NH4-N was 99.86% and 98.95% respectively on the 7th day of the test, which was high than pH 6.0 （66.18%）, pH 7.0 （71.43%） and pH 10.0 （70. 51%）. The increase of NO2-N concentration was less than the decrease of NH4-N concentration when pH was 7.0-9.0, and the great difference appeared at pH 9.0. When the biofilters brush, ceramic ring, corallite and biology -ball were used on the 3rd, 4th, 6th and 7th day of the test respectively, the removal rate of NH4-N was 100%. When the ceramic ring and corallite were used, the concentration of NO2 -N gradually declined after reaching the highest level 9.60 mg/L and 10.00 mg/L respectively; when the biofilters brush and biology-ball were used, the concentration almost remained unchanged after reaching the highest level 9.55 mg/L and 11.00mg/L respectively. The results show that nitrifying bacteria are suitable for alkaline condition （pH 8.0-9.0） , and water of pH 9.0 is most favorable to NH4-N and NO2-N removal by nitrifying bacteria. Different filter materials have different effects on NH4-N and NO2-N removal by nitrifying bacteria. Ceramic ring has a good effect on NH4-N and NO2-N removal by nitrifying bacteria, biofilters brush only has a good effect on NH4-N removal, and corallite only has a good effect on NO- -N removal. Mixed use of various filter materials will have complementary advantages.