基于3C理论模型的运动员-教练员关系质性研究

Qualitive Research on Athlete – Coach Relationships based on 3C Model

为了探讨运动员-教练员关系的本质,研究采用Jowett(2003年)所提出的亲密性、共向性和互补性3因素模型,探讨运动员所知觉到的与教练员的关系。采用半结构化访谈的方法获得质性研究的原始数据,并对运动员的反应进行分析。结果显示:运动员-教练员关系在运动员发展和成长中起着重要作用。这种关系包括运动员-教练员关系的基本需要、社会关系(亲密性);沟通、目标设置(共向性);认可和尊重角色(互补性)。运动员认为和教练员维持好的关系非常重要。结论强调了在个人项目中,运动员-教练员关系的三种人际因素为亲密性、共向性和互补性,这种关系对于提高竞技表现起着重要作用。

The purpose of this study is to explore the nature of the relationship between athletes and coaches.Based on the three-factor model of closeness,co-orientation,and complementarity proposed by Jowett（2003）,this paper discusses the perceived relationship between coaches and athletes.The semi-structured interviews were used to obtain the original data of the qualitative research and to analyze the response of the athletes.The results show that the relationship between athlete and coaches plays an important role in the development and growth of athletes.This relationship includes essential coach-athlete requirements and social relationship,communication,goal setting（co-orientation）,as well as acceptance and respect for roles（complementarity）.Research has shown that athletes thought it＇s important to maintain a good relationship with the coaches.The conclusion of this study is that,through content analysis,three interpersonal factors of closeness,co-orientation,and complementarity of the athlete-coach relationship are emphasized in the individual sport.This relationship plays an important role in improving athletic performance.