马克思主义与无政府主义的论争及其启示

The Debate and Enlightenment of Marxism and Anarchism

无政府主义的思想谱系十分庞杂,其在近代中国发生较大影响的部分的思想来源脉络可以从戈德温追溯至普鲁东再到施蒂纳,而克鲁泡特金是这一思想逻辑演进历程的集大成者,他们从人性互助论出发,反对一切可能导致威胁个人绝对自由的权力及其现实外化关系。无政府主义在中国的传播大致经历了在海外中国留学生中传播阶段、五四运动前介绍进入国内的初步传播阶段、五四运动到中国共产党成立时期的广泛传播阶段、与马克思主义论争失败后的分化和瓦解阶段。考察这一思想交锋过程,我们可以得到的启示为:必须通过学术方式面对这一问题,无政府思想本身的价值必须得到认可;应辩证考察当时的中国马克思主义者为我们提供的思想资源,从而更好地继承马克思主义。

Anarchism thought spectrum is complex. Part of the ideological source vein of Anarchism that has had a greater impact on China in recent times can be traced from Godwin to Proudhon and Stirner, and Kropotkin was a master of this thought logic evolution course. They started from the theory of human nature and mutual assistance and objected all of the power causing threat to the individual absolute freedom and its realistic externalization relations. The communication of anarchism in China has generally gone through the stage of the spread of overseas Chinese students, the stage of preliminaries communication of the introduction into the domestic before the May Fourth Movement, the broad communication stage from May Fourth Movement to the establishment of the Chinese Communist Party, the differentiation and disintegration stage after the failure disputed with Marxism. Researching the process of this thought argument,we can get the enlightenment that we should face this problem through academic means. The value of the anarchy must be recognized and we must dialectically examine the thought resources provided by the Chinese Marxists at that time to inherit Marxism in the better way.