多不饱和脂肪酸对高脂负荷大鼠血管内皮的保护作用

The Protective Effects of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid on Vascular Endothelia in High Lipid-loaded Rats

目的研究二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)、紫苏籽油、红花籽油、花生四烯酸(AA)四种多不饱和脂肪酸对高脂负荷大鼠血管内皮的保护作用。方法将72只初断乳雌雄各半SD大鼠,喂食高脂饲料复制高脂血症模型,造模成功后按随机数字表法分成6组,除阴性对照组和阳性高脂组外,均喂食普通饲料,同时每组分别灌喂DHA、紫苏油、红花籽油和花生四烯酸。连续灌胃饲养8周,测定大鼠血清中一氧化氮(NO)、内皮素-1(ET-1)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的含量。结果与阳性高脂组相比,紫苏籽油、红花籽油和花生四烯酸均能显著升高大鼠血清中NO含量(P<0.01),DHA和紫苏籽油显著降低血清中ET-1含量(P<0.01),紫苏籽油和花生四烯酸能升高血清中VEGF含量(P<0.01)。结论紫苏籽油能综合保护高脂负荷大鼠血管内皮,其机制可能与它促进大鼠体内NO、VEGF合成,抑制ET-1合成有关。

Objective To investigate the protective effects of four kinds of polyunsaturated fatty acids in-cluding dodecacosahexaenoic acid （ DHA） , perilla seed oil, safflower seed oil and arachidonic acid （ AA） on vascular endothelium in high lipid-loaded rats. Methods A total of 72 neonatal SD rats were fed with high fat diet to establish hyperlipidmia model and then randomly divided into 6 groups. The negative control group and positive high-fat group were fed with normal diet,while the other four groups were respectively fed with DHA, perilla seed oil, safflower oil and A A. The contents of nitric oxide（NO） , endothelin-1 （ ET-1） and vascular en-dothelial growth factor （YEGF） in the serum of rats were measured after 8 weeks of feeding. Results Compared with the positive high-fat group,perilla seed oil,safflower oil,and AA could significantly increase content of NO （P 〈 0. 01） , DHA and perilla seed oil significantly decreased content of ET-1 （ P 〈 0. 01） , while perilla seed oil and AA can increase the content of VEGF（P 〈0. 01）. Conclusion Perilla seed oil can protect the vascular en-dothelium of high lipid-loaded rats by promoting the synthesis of NO and VEGF,while by inhibiting synthesis of ET-1 in high lipid-loaded rats.