巴特勒建构“酷儿理论”的策略与困境

Strategy and Dilemma in the Construction of “Queer Theory” by Butler

身体是文化霸权命名的工具,单性/肉体、双性/肉体认知模式构建的是父权制的政治图景。基于身体的性别二元构建框架,把非异性恋范畴的同性恋性行为者及其他性少数族群带向尴尬的境地,任由政治与规范的操弄与摆布。巴特勒通过性别表演理论的建构,重复与引用的方法完成对规范的改造;承认与消解,使得自我主体的建构在规范框架下得以建立,从而跳出社会规范巨网的束缚,最终消解性别,摆脱性别的困扰。男/女二元建构成为巴特勒与其他女性主义者争辩之所在,巴特勒认为消解性别才能解放性别,而女性主义者却把性别的解放与妇女的权力的争取放在男/女二元框架里进行。巴特勒的"酷儿理论"为"性别打开了可能性的领域"。理论与现实还是有很大的差别,如果理论是试验性的、或者非常超前的,政治未来得及跟上步伐的时候,理论可能会给"真实的女性"的生存处境带来更大的阻碍。

Body is a tool to name by the cultural hegemonism and what the cognition model with unisexuality/corporeal and bisexuality/corporeal constructs is a patriarchal political prospect. The binary frame based on body leads the lesbians or gays of the homosexuality among the non-heterosexuality or the other sexual minorities towards a paradoxical situation in which they are controlled or manipulated by the politics or norms. With the construction of gender performance theory and by the way of reiteration and quotation, Butler has remade the former practices. In addition, he has applied the strategy of recognition and undoing which reconstructs the self-subject in the frame of norms so that it slips the leash of social nets and finally the gender is undone.What Butler argues with the other feminists is about the construction of the binary male and female. He insists that only when the gender is undone can the gender be liberated, yet the other feminists put the gender liberation and the protest for the rights into the frame of the binary male and female. Butler's "Queer Theory""opens a possible field for the gender."However, the theory has a big gap between the reality. If a theory is experimental or over-advanced or when the politics legs behind the time, the theory will make a more difficult situation for the lives of "real female."