聚类分析在方言分区上的应用——以江淮官话洪巢片为例

The Application of Cluster Analysis on Dividing Dialects --A Case Study of Hongchao Zone of Jianghuai Mandarin

传统方言分区多采用同言线束的方法,但是这样的办法具有一定的主观性和一条标准难以贯彻到底的问题。聚类分析可以在多条标准的基础上,尽量按照方言或语言的客观事实分类,能较大程度地排除人的主观经验的干扰。在对江淮官话洪巢片进行聚类分析分区工作之后,得到的结果较为符合地理分块和历史传统,也较为符合语言事实和民间认同。因此本文认为聚类分析可以在方言分区问题上得到一定的推广,并可以确认现有方言分区的合理之处,以及纠正有所偏颇的地方。

In the past, the most common traditional way to divide dialects is the fascicle of isogloss. But there are some problems about it, such as the authors‘ personal subjectivity and standards, which can‘t be carried through. As a new method, cluster analysis can classify dialects or languages as soon as possible according to their own objective fact, based on the multiple standards. It can avoid obstruction of human subjective impression. The result conforms to geographical division, historical tradition, linguistic fact and folk identity, after cluster-analyzing Hongchao Zone of Jianghuai Mandarin. So the article argues that cluster-analysis can be promoted on dividing dialects, identify reasonable places of current dialectal division and correct biased portions.