晚清美文学概念的破茧

The Birth of the Concept of Aesthetics Literature in the Late Qing Dynasty

晚清是文学概念从古代广义的泛文学概念向现代狭义的美文学概念转换的时期。其转换的重要时代语境,是在西学东渐之下古代美学向现代美学的过渡。尽管以感人的美为特征的新文学概念曾遭到传统文学概念守卫者的阻击,但"文学属于美之一部分"的观念依然成为势不可挡、异口同声的主流共识。而在文学的各种体裁中,当时风行的小说尤以突出的美的效果席卷读者,从而被推为"文学之最上乘",引发了众多理论家对小说审美特征及其机制的探讨。于是,以美为特征的文学概念在这个时期应运而生。

The late Qing Dynasty is the period when the concept of literature changed from the general concept of literature to modern aesthetics literature. The important context of the times——Western learning has led to the transition from ancient aesthetics to modern aesthetics. Although the guardians of traditional literary concepts blocked the concept of new literature,the idea that literature belongs to the part of the aesthetics was still an overwhelming and unanimous mainstream consensus. In the various genres of literature, the prevailing novels especially touched the reader with the effect of beauty. Thus,it was pushed as the best of literature,triggering a large number of theorists on the aesthetic characteristics of the novels and its mechanism. Thus,the concept of literature characterized by the aesthetics came into being at that time.