自贸区建设背景下的两岸口岸治理合作

Research on Cross-Strait Port Governance and Cooperation against a Background of Constructing Free Trade Zone

自由贸易区主要实行境内关外政策和一站式服务管理。跨边界合作与治理减少了国家或地区间的贸易壁垒,降低了内部交易成本,有助于推进地区在经济、社会、文化和制度等方面的高度一体化。当前,基于面临的经济转型升级问题,中国大陆正努力推动自由贸易区建设,同时,台湾地区也在推动自由经济示范区建设,从而对两岸口岸治理提出新的现实需求。目前,台湾地区海关在通关治理方面已基本实现货物通关自动化,并在积极推进"关港贸单一窗口"海关电子化建设。中国大陆口岸则存在口岸治理体制不一致、职能部门交叉、治理效率低、建管分离、电子口岸治理建设慢等问题。基于此,在自贸区建设下,近期推进两岸口岸治理合作应主要从促进两岸双向投资和高端产业合作、开展以"三互"为主体的口岸治理合作、推进口岸信息化大通关建设合作、构建"21世纪海上丝绸之路"战略下两岸口岸治理互动机制、探索推动实现厦金融合发展的两岸口岸治理合作新模式等五方面加以展开。

Free Trade Zone belongs to the Free Economic Zone. It mainly implements the policy of customs territory and one-stop service management. Cross border cooperation and governance reduce trade barriers between nations or different areas, reducing internal transaction cost, and contributing to promote high regional integration of economy, society, culture, system, and so forth. Chinese Mainland is promoting efforts to the construction of Free Trade Zone, at the same time, Taiwan is also to a certain extent promoting to the construction of Free Economic Demostration Zone being confronted with the problems of economic transformation and upgrading at present. It is good at expanding fields and levels of cross-Strait economic and trade exchanges and cooperation. Thereby, it proposes new realistic demands for cross-Strait port governance. Now, Taiwan customs has basically achieved cargo clearance automation in clearance management, and actively promoting to electronic construction of customs that named ＇single window of customs, port and trade＇. Chinese Mainland ports exist problems of port governance system inconformity, functional departments cross, low governance efficiency, construction and management separation, electronic port management and construction being slow, and so forth. On the basis of these, it should mainly develops cross-Strait port governance and cooperation from five aspects that boosting cross-Strait two-way investment and highend industrial cooperation, developing port governance and cooperation that taking ＇three mutual＇ as main body, pushing on port construction and cooperation of information process and large clearance, constructing interaction mechanism of cross-Strait port governance in the stategy of ＇Maritime Silk Road in the 21st century＇, exploring new model of cross-Strait port governance and cooperation that promoting to achieve integration and develop of Xiamen and Kinmen.