激光焊接过程中元素光谱信息与焊缝质量的关系

Relationship Between Element Spectrum Information and Weld Quality in Laser Welding Process

在高质量精密加工过程中,影响激光焊接质量的因素较多,如:激光入射功率、激光焊接速度、离焦量、保护气流量等.为实现焊接质量的检测,本文研究激光焊接过程中不同光谱区信息与焊接质量的关系.对不同焊接工艺参数进行激光焊接实验,通过光谱仪采集激光焊接过程中光谱辐射信息.根据波长强度图分析焊接过程中不同光谱波段的辐射强度,研究不同元素对激光焊接质量的影响,寻找能够准确表征焊接质量(缺陷)的光谱辐射信息.研究结果表明:在700-800nm的光谱区中,Cr和Si元素与焊接缺陷存在一定相关性.在800-900nm光谱区,Fe和Cr元素是确保焊接质量稳定的关键.在900~1 000nm光谱区中,Fe,Cr,S,C元素与焊接质量变差存在一定相关性.

During laser welding,there are many factors that affect the quality of laser welling such as laser incident power,laser welding speed,defocusing amount and protection gas flow.This paper investigates the interrelation between different spectral range information and welding quality during laser welding process in order to realize effective detection of weld quality.Laser welding experiment is conducted by using different technical parameters.Spectral radiation information is collected by the spectrometer during welding process.Radiation intensity of different spectral ranges is analyzed based on the wavelength and intensity diagrams.The paper researches on the variation pattern of different elements as laser welding quality changes and aims at obtaining the spectral radiation information that can accurately characterize welding quality（defects）.The results show that the Cr and Si elements are related to the welding defects in the spectral region of 700~800 nm.In the 800~900 nm spectral region,the elements of Fe and Cr are the key to ensure the stability of welding quality.In the 900~1 000 nm spectral region,the elements of Fe,Cr,S and C are related to the variation of welding quality.