开放社会中的教育分配正义及其困境

Distribution Justice and Limitations of Education in an Open Society

教育的分配正义是一个涉及如何在社会群体及个体中间分配有限的教育资源更为公平的问题。一直以来,有关教育的分配正义之理论,主要关注封闭社会中的稀缺教育资源分配问题。在封闭的社会体系中,教育的正义取决于分配的程序公平,并且倾向于将有限的教育资源分配给那些天资优异的年轻人。社会基本结构的封闭性,使得因教育而形成的个体特殊能力能够在社会中得以实现。但是在开放的社会里,关注教育资源分配的正义理论就会面临因个体在国际间的流动而带来的权利享有而职责缺失的困境。因此,需要根据开放社会的正义环境,在传统的教育分配正义理论的基础上,把有关与能力实现有关的职责分配纳入到教育资源分配的题义之中。

Distribution justice in education is an issue of how to allocate limited education resources among social groups and individuals more fairly.So far,theories on education distribution have focused more on the matter of education as scarce resource.In a closed social system,education justice depends on allocation procedure fairness,and tends to allocate education resources to those outstanding young talents.The closedness of basic social structure makes it possible to realize individuals'unique abilities bred by education.However,in an open society,attention to education resources distribution theories will meet with dual predicaments of international individual brain strain as well as education resources waste.In conclusion,based on traditional education distribution theories,it's necessary,in the open society justice environment,to introduce reflections on responsibility assignment of ability realization into distribution justice.