侗族地区寨门文化研究——以从江县占里村为例

The Research on Village Gate of Dong Nationality Areas——A Case Study of Zhanli Village of Congjiang County

在中国古代的建筑中"门"不仅有着很重要的地位,也作为中国传统建筑文化的一种有机载体,"门"虽是有形的实体,却蕴含着丰富的文化内涵。寨门作为侗寨的门户,更具有特殊性,是与鼓楼、花桥并列的侗寨建筑三宝之一。侗寨寨门是侗族聚落的"文化边界",其通过"拦门"、"扫寨"等仪式,展现出以"寨门"为边界的"内外之别""生死之分""抗拒与接纳"等侗族社会特有的文化策略与文化规则。

In the ancient architecture of China,＂gate＂ has an important position because it is an organic carrier of Chinese traditional architecture culture.＂Gate＂ not only has the shape but also contains abundant cultural connotations.The village gate of Dong nationality,as the aisle of entrance and exit,has its specialty and it is well-known as one of the three treasures of architectures of Dong nationality as well as Drum Tower and Flower Bridge.By means of some rituals such as ＂blocking the door＂ and ＂cleaning up village＂,the village gate of Dong nationality presents its cultural boundary which implies that there are differences between the inside of the gate and outside of the gate— ＂ internal and external＂,＂alive and dead＂,＂refusal and admission＂ and other special cultural strategies and regulations of Dong nationality.