基于矿山废弃地生态恢复的土著树种生态适宜性分析

Analysis on Ecological Suitability of Indigenous Tree Species Based on Ecological Restoration of Mine Wasteland

晋北地区年降水量少且分布不均,长期以来高强度的煤炭资源开采,给当地造成严重的生态破坏,形成许多难以恢复的植被和再利用的废弃荒地。因此,选择耐旱、抗逆、适生的树种是植被恢复的关键。本文采用样方法,分析了柠条、刺槐、榆树、沙棘、柽柳和沙枣6个树种在不同植物配置模式中经过10年自然演替树种的生态适宜性。结果表明:柠条×沙枣×刺槐混交模式是最适宜于当地植被恢复的配置模式,柠条和榆树可作为排土场植被恢复的推广树种。

In the north of Shanxi Province,there are few annual precipitation and uneven distribution,and the long-term exploitation of high-intensity coal resources has caused serious ecological damage to the localities and formed many wastes and wastes that are difficult to recover. Therefore,the selection of drought,stress,suitable tree species is the key to vegetation restoration. Based on the quadrat survey,the ecological suitability of six tree species in different plant allocation patterns after10 years of natural succession was analyzed. The results showed that the mixed pattern of Caragana korshinskii, Sophora japonica and Robinia pseudoacacia was the most suitable pattern for the restoration of local vegetation. C. korshinskii and Ulmus pumila could be used as promotion tree species for vegetation restoration.