河南省生态系统水源涵养功能及其空间分布格局

Water Conservation Function of the Ecosystem in Henan Province and its Spatial Distribution Patterns

本文采用水量平衡方程,对河南省生态系统的水源涵养功能状况及其空间特征进行了评估,并分析了河南省水源涵养功能重要性分级特征。结果表明,河南省水源涵养量总体上呈现南高北低、由东南到西北逐渐递减的趋势,淮河以南降水量较高地区的森林生态系统发挥着十分重要的涵养作用。在森林生态系统中,常绿阔叶林水源涵养能力最强。豫南地区南阳、信阳等森林生态系统面积较大的省辖市,水源涵养量最大。河南省水源涵养极重要区主要集中分布在桐柏-大别山区、大型河流、水库湿地等区域。

Based on the water balance equation,the ecosystem function of water conservation status of Henan province and its spatial characteristics were evaluated,and the importance of water conservation function classification characteristics of Henan province were analyzed. The results showed that the amount of water conservation in the south was higher than the north,from southeast to northwest gradually decreasing,the forest ecosystem which had a high precipitation plays a very important role in water conservation of South of Huaihe. In forest ecosystem, evergreen broad-leaved forest water conservation ability is strongest. The amount of water conservation in the south is the largest,such as Nanyang and Xinyang,which had the largest forest ecosystem area. The extremely importance areas of water conservation of Henan province are mainly located in TongbaiDabie mountains areas,larger rivers and reservoirs.