小麦新品种鄂麦170抗病基因的遗传分析

Genetic Analysis of Disease Resistance Genes in a New Wheat Variety Emai170

通过已开发分子标记对湖北省有潜力的新品种鄂麦170及其双亲的抗赤霉病、条锈病、白粉病和纹枯病基因进行分子鉴定和分析。结果表明,鄂麦170含有3个主效抗赤霉病基因(Fhb1,Fhb5和以Xwmc273为标记的基因)、3个抗条锈病基因(Yr2,Yr5和Yr26)、8个抗白粉病基因(Pm2,Pm8,Pm16,Pm21,Pm31,Pm33,Pm35和Pm36)和6个抗纹枯病基因(分别以Xwmc397,Xgwm212,Xgdm67,Xwmc497,Xgwm644和Xgwm526为标记)。经分析鄂麦170中可能还有未被检测到的赤霉病抗性位点,而鄂麦170赤霉病抗性优于双亲可能与超亲优势有关;Yr5基因可能对鄂麦170的抗条锈病特性起重要作用;抗白粉病基因Pm21已表现出了感病特征;所检测到的纹枯病抗性位点的表型变异解释率较低。本研究解释了鄂麦170的抗病分子基础,为该品种的推广应用和作为骨干亲本培育多抗小麦新品种提供了参考。

Disease resistance genes of Fusarium head blight, stripe rust, powdery mildew and sharp eyespot of the new potential varieties Emai170 in Hubei province and its parents were identified and analyzed by the developed molecular markers. In this study, Emai170 had 3 major resistance genes to Fusarium head blight（Fhb1, Fhb5 and the gene marked by Xwmc273）, 3 stripe rust resistance genes（Yr2, Yr5 and Yr26）, 8 powdery mildew resistance genes（Pm2, Pm8, Pm16, Pm21, Pm31, Pm33, Pm35 and Pm36）, and 6 sharp eyespot resistance genes（the genes marked by Xwmc397, Xgwm212, Xgdm67, Xwmc497, Xgwm644 and Xgwm526）. After analysis, we speculated that some Fusarium head blight resistance genes in Emai170 were not detected, and the better resistance of Emai170 than its parents might be related to heterobeltiosis; Yr5 gene might play an important role in resistance to stripe rust in Emai170; The powdery mildew resistance gene Pm21 has been shown to be susceptible; The sharp eyespot resistance loci were detected in this study could explain the low rate phenotypic variation. The results may partially explain the molecular basis of diseases resistance of Emai170, and provide some references for the variety application and as a backbone parent to cultivate new wheat resistance varieties.